新概念语法讲解

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Lesson1—2

语言点:与陌生人说话或引起别人的注意。

Excuse me. Yes? Pardon? Thank you very much.

语法点:主系表结构this为主语,名词做表语的一般疑问句以及它的肯定回答。

Is this your handbag? Yes, it is.

Lesson 5—6

语言点:如何介绍别人。

This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you.

语法点:主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构。

She is French. He is German. It’s a Volvo.(L6)

a/an 的使用。

Lesson 7—8

语言点:如何自我介绍和相互认识。

语法点:主语为第二人称的主系表结构。Are you French?

特殊疑问句。What nationality are you? What’s your job?

Lesson 9—10

语言点:朋友或熟识的人之间如何相互问候。How are you?

语法点:主系表结构形容词做表语。

介词短语表示位置 near the window, on the televion, on the wall

Lesson 29—30

语言点:如何发号命令。

语法点:祈使句(肯定)。

动词与宾语的固定搭配。

Lesson 37—38

语言点:如何表达将要做的事情。

语法点:现在进行时态be going to do结构表达将要发生的事情。

There be 句型的一般疑问句形式。

Lesson 41-42

语法点:如何表示不可数名词的量。

Lesson 63-64

语言点:建议忠告。

语法点:don’t do…. You mustn’t do…

Lesson 65-66

语法点:具体时间表示法(半点和刻钟)。

反身代词。

具体日期表达方式。

Lesson 73-74

语言点:问路。

语法点:不规则动词的过去式。

形容词转变成副词。

Lesson 77-78

语言点:看病。

语法点:综合时间表达方式。

Lesson 105-106

语言点:办公室用语。

语法点:want sb to do…./ tell sb to do…以及其否定形式。 

Lesson 103-104

语言点:考试。

语法点:宾语从句。(从句部分为非现在时态)

程度副词 too, very ,enough

Lesson 125-126

语言点:/

语法点:have to do…/ don’t need to do…

Lesson 127-128

语言点:娱乐界。

语法点:must/can’t 对现在事情的肯定/否定猜测。

Lesson 129-130

语言点:交通状况。

语法点:must/can’t have been….对过去事情的肯定/否定猜测。 

Lesson 131-132

语言点:度假。

语法点:may 对现在/过去事情的肯定或否定猜测。

以下课文的知识慢慢与新二接轨:

现在完成时:Lesson 83—90

直接引语变成间接引语:Lesson 99—102

形容词的比较级和最高级:Lesson107—112

neither ,so 的用法:Lesson 113—114

不定代词的用法:Lesson 115—116

过去进行和过去完成时:Lesson 117—120

定语从句:Lesson 121—124

情态动词的综合用法:Lesson 125—132

直接引语变间接引语:Lesson 133—136

(着重讲时态的倒推)

if 的用法:Lesson 137—140

被动语态:Lesson 141—144

02

语法点总结

need的用法 

表示“需要”时为实意动词,后面可以加名词,也可以加不定式:

I need a pen.

Do you need any beer? No, I don’t.

I need to have a rest.

Need doing=need to bedone (表示被动 

The flowers needwatering. =The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。

need在否定时做情态动词使用:

You needn’t go soearly. (=You don’t need to go so early.)

Must I clean the desk right now? No, you needn’t.

不定代词及不定副词

some, any, no, every

-thing: something,anything, nothing, everything

-one: someone, anyone, anything, everyone

-where: somewhere, anywhere, anywhere, everywhere

-body: somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody

例子:

1)I looked for mybook everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.

2)If you want to go somewhere, if you want to be someone, you must wakeup.

3)Help! Somebody? Anybody?

4)You are really something. 你真了不起!(口语中常用 "something"来表示“真像回事儿”,“真行”的意思)

5)Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class.

6)Where did you go? I went nowhere.

7)Nobody is at home.

倒装句:so/neither的倒装

eg: He can swim. Socan I.

She didn't go to class. Neither did I.

结构:

so/neither+be+ 主语

so/neither+助动词+ 主语

so/neither+情态动词+ 主语

助动词:

一般现在时: do, does/am, is, are

现在进行时: am, is, are

一般过去时: did

现在完成时: have, has

一般将来时: will, shall

过去进行时: was, were

过去完成时: had

过去将来时: would

副词

副词可以修饰形容词,动词,副词或整个句子。如:

The book is verygood.

He runs fast.

She came here quite early.

Certainly I will go with you.

副词变化形式:

1、直接在形容词后加-ly:

careful-carefully, slow-slowly

2、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,把y变i, 加-ly:

happy-happily, lucky-luckily

3、 有些词形容词和副词的形式相同,不需要做任何变化:

fast, hard, late

4、有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远:

neary-nearly, high-highly, late-lately 

感叹句:

1、 What +名词+主语+谓语

What a beautiful girlshe is!

What tall buildings they are!

2、 How +形容词+主语+谓语

How beautiful thegirl is!

How tall the buildings are!

3、 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略:

What a nice present!(省略itis)

How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语) 

名词

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词:

1、不可数名词

无法分开的东西:water, tea,bread, milk, rice

抽象的东西:love, beauty, coldness

不可数名词有以下特点:

不能用a, an修饰;

不能加s;

和单数be动词或动词搭配。

2、可数名词

单数可数名词要用冠词修饰,复数可数名词要在名词后面加s。名词复数共有以下几种变化:

规则变化的名词复数形式

规则1 一般情况+se.g. shell→shells book→books

规则2 以s, x, ch,sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches, bus→buses, watch→watches

规则3 以o结尾+s或+ese.g. potato→potatoes, Negro→Negroes, hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes,(口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿),剩下一般加s,radio→radios

规则4 以f, fe结尾的,变f,fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves, shelf→shelves, city→cities,wife→wives

规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+ese.g. sky→skies fly→flies

不规则变化的名词复数形式

man(men) 

woman(women)  

foot(feet) 

goose(geese)

tooth(teeth)

child(children)

sheep(sheep)   

deer(deer)  

mouse(mice)  

fish(fish)

祈使句

祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等,谓语动词一律用原型,句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹好或者句号,用降调。 

肯定句:动词原型

Come here, please.

Go downstairs, please.

Stand up.

Sit down.

Be quiet.

Be careful.

祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或者句尾:

Come in, Amy.

Sit down here, Tom.

Mary, give me a book please.

否定:Don't+动词原型

Don't come here.

Don't sit down.

Don't stand up.

Don't give me it.

let sb. do 让某人做

Let me pass.

Let us have a rest.

Let's have a rest.

反意疑问:

Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?

Let us go out for a drink, will you?

情态动词的使用

1、情态动词can(能够),must(必须),may(可以)

结构:主语+can/must/may+动词原型

He can make the tea.

Sally can air the room.

We can speak English.

变疑问句将情态动词移到句首

Can he make the tea?

Can Sally air the room?

Can we speak English?

变否定句在情态动词后面加not

He cannot make the tea.

Sally cannot air the room.

We cannot speak English.

肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, he can. / No, he cannot.

Yes, she can. / No, she cannot.

Yes, we can. / No, we cannot.

特殊疑问句:(必背)

What can you do?

注意:情态动词的

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