一般现在时的用法各举四个例子

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卖弄风情 2星

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(一)定义

一般现在时主要用来表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或者是现在的特征或所处的状态。如:

He often goes to school on foot every morning.

She is at work now.

They are primary school students.

(二)基本结构

从谓语动词的分类来看,一般现在时的基本结构主要分三种情况,即:

1、主语+be+其他成分

其中的be,会随着主语的不同,有am/is/are的变化。am的主语是I,is的主语是第三人称单数,are的主语是第一人称复数、第二人称的单数和复数、第三人称的复数。如:

I am ten years old.

He is in the classroom.

They are in the zoo at the moment.

2、主语+do/does+其他成分

其中,动词do的主语为第一人称的单数和复数、第二人称的单数和复数、第三人称的复数,does的主语为第三人称的单数。如:

We always stay up late on Saturday.

You often forget to bring your textbooks with you.

She likes apples very much.

3、主语+情态动词+be/do+其他成分

此时,情态动词采用的是现在形式,后面的动词都采用原形。如:

She can be a good teacher in the future.

I must leave for the party now.

(三)动词的第三人称单数

动词的第三人称单数,简称三单,是在使用一般现在时中最容易出错的地方。这与汉语的主谓成分在数上没有一致性要求有很大关系。

动词三单常见的变化规则有:

1、直接+s

如:works、plays、sweeps。

2、“伤心城市”(即以sh、x、ch、s或ss结尾的单词)加+es

如:washes、fixes、watches、focuses、kisses。

3、以辅音字母+o结尾的+es

如:goes、does、vetoes(否决)。

4、以辅音字母+y结尾的,改y为i,再+es

如:studies、flies、dries。

5、特殊情况

如:have的三单形式为has。

(四)常见用法

1、表主语现在所处的状态

The book is on the desk.

I am very busy.

2、表主语的身份或职业

She is our English teacher.

His father is a doctor.

3、表主语的特征或特点

The dog often barks at strangers.

He is bad-tempered.

4、表主语的能力

The cat can see well in the darkness.

He is good at swimming.

5、表主语的国籍

Mary comes from Britain.

He is a Chinese.

6、表主语经常性或习惯性的行为

Jack sometimes goes hiking by himself on weekends.

They usually visit museums in their spare time.

7、表主语的兴趣爱好

She likes reading novels very much.

I want a cup of tea.

8、表天气或气候

It is sunny today.

It often rains a lot in spring in Shanghai.

9、表客观事实或真理

Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.

The sun rises from the east and sets in the west.

10、表按计划或安排好的或将要发生的动作

这类用法一般只限于start、begin、leave、go、come、arrive、return、take place等。 如:

The train leaves at four tomorrow afternoon.

She comes back home tonight.

11、表将来(在时间和条件状语从句中)

If he comes, I will tell him about it.

When the plane arrives, she will meet him herself.

12、用在格言、警句中

Pride goes before a fall. (骄必败。)

Time is money. (时间就是金钱。)

13、表过去

1) 用于某些动词(tell、say、hear、learn等)表示不确定的过去时间。如:

She tells me Jack will come tomorrow. (她告诉我杰克明天要来。)

I hear that he won the first prize in the competiton last week. (我听说他在上周的比赛中得了第一名。 )

2)当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如:

The story is set in the summer of 1937. (故事的背景是1937年夏天。)

The story begins in the year 1937. (故事开始于1937年。)

6小时前

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