一张图看懂定语从句

例如，This is a bike whose color is pink.

This is a bike. 是一个简单句，后面的成分只是修饰bike，这辆自行车是什么样的，可见a bike在这里是先行词，whose作关系词，替代a bike’s引导句子。

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词包括that/which/who/whom/whose,关系副词包括who/when/why/that。

1.先行词是事或物，关系词选that/which

例：The package which / that you are carrying is heavy.

2.先行词是人，关系词选who/whom/that

例：1）The girl who stand under the tree is my sister.（who作主语）

2）He is the person whom I met in the supermaketer yestertoday.（whom作宾语）

3.先行词是人或物，但表示的是人或物的所属关系，关系词选择whose

例：This is a bike whose color is blue.

4.先行词是时间，关系词选when

例：July and August are the months when the weather is hot in the Hainan.

5.先行词是地点，关系词选where

例：This is the house where I once lived.

6.先行词是原因，关系词选why

例：The reason why we come late is the jam traffic on the road.