元音辅音对应字母及组合

您好！元音是a、e、i、o、u，元音字母组合有ai、ay、ei、ey、ea、ee、ie、oa、oe、oi、oo、ou等。

辅音是除元音字母外的所有字母，有b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、p、q、r、s、t、v、w、x、y、z等。辅音字母组合有ch、sh、th、wh、gh等。希望能对您有所帮助！

单元音

[i:]

前元音

[ɪ]

前元音

[e]

前元音

[æ]

前元音

[ɜ:]

中元音

[ə]

中元音

[ʌ]

中元音

[u:]

后元音

[ʊ]

后元音

[ɔ:]

后元音

[ɒ]

后元音

[ɑ:]

后元音

[eɪ]

开合双元音

[aɪ]

开合双元音

[aʊ]

开合双元音

[əʊ]

开合双元音

[ɪə]

集中双元音

[eə]

集中双元音

[ʊə]

集中双元音

清辅音

[p]

爆破音

[t]

爆破音

[k]

爆破音

[f]

摩擦音

[s]

摩擦音

[ʃ]

摩擦音

[θ]

摩擦音

[h]

摩擦音

[tʃ]

破擦音

[tr]

破擦音

[ts]

破擦音

浊辅音

[b]

爆破音

[d]

爆破音

[g]

爆破音

[v]

摩擦音

[z]

摩擦音

[ʒ]

摩擦音

[ð]

摩擦音

[dʒ]

破擦音

[dr]

破擦音

[dz]

破擦音

[m]

鼻音

[n]

鼻音

[ŋ]

鼻音

[ǀ]

舌侧音

[j]

半元音

[w]

一. 5个R音节的读音

R音节是由五个元音字母加上辅音字母R一起构成的音节，R音节是许多单词的构成部分，掌握R音节的读音一般规则对单词的拼读与记忆很有帮助。在单词中如果出现元音字母后有两个R连在一起，如 sorry, parrot,hurry，这里的两个R是为了区分开音节与闭音节，这样的结构一般不是R音节。R音节在单词中的读音一般规则如下表：

R音节在重读音节中的读音

1).ar在重读音节中读[a:]

例如：sharpener ['ʃɑ:pənə] car [kɑ:] dark [dɑ:k] arm [ɑ:m] card [kɑ:d] park [pɑ:k] hard [hɑ:d] farmer ['fɑ:mə] party ['pɑ:ti] artist ['ɑ:tist] garden ['gɑ:dn] far [fɑ:]

2)．er在重读音节中读[ε:]

例如：term [tə:m] certainly ['sə:tənli] person ['pə:sn] university [,ju:ni'və:siti] Germany ['dʒə:məni] serve [sə:v] prefer [pri'fə:] deserve [di'zə:v] nervous ['nə:vəs] expert [ek'spə:t]

3.)ir在重读音节中读[ε:]

例如：skirt [skə:t] thirty ['θə:ti] thirsty ['θə:sti] first [fə:st] birthday ['bə:θdei] circle ['sə:kl] dirty ['də:ti]

4）．or在重读音节中读[ɔ:]

例如：for [fɔ:] short [ʃɔ:t] sport [spɔ:t] born [bɔ:n] report [ri'pɔ:t] north [nɔ:θ] fork [fɔ:k] nor [nɔ:] order ['ɔ:də] corner ['kɔ:nə] storm [stɔ:m] afford [ə'fɔ:d] performance [pə'fɔ:məns] pork [pɔ:k]

5）．ur在重读音节中读[ε:]

例如：purse [pə:s] purple ['pə:pl] Thursday ['θə:zdi] turkey ['tə:ki] turn [tə:n] church [tʃə:tʃ] disturb [dis'tə:b] hurt [hə:t] return [ri'tə:n] surfing ['sə:fiŋ] Turkey ['tə:ki]

R音节在非重读音节中读

R音节在非重读音节中读[ə]

例如：number ['nʌmbə] ruler ['ru:lə] father ['fɑ:ðə] after ['ɑ:ftə] doctor ['dɔktə] Saturday ['sætədi] dollar['dɔlə] popular ['pɔpjulə] sugar ['ʃugə] perhaps [pə'hæps] conductor [kən'dʌktə] scissors ['sizəz] comfortable ['kʌmfətəbl] inventor [in'ventə] shepherd ['ʃepəd] inspector [in'spektə]

R音节在W后的读音

1）． ar在W后读[ɔ:]

例如：wardrobe ['wɔ:drəub]warm[wɔ:m]war[wɔ:] towards [tə'wɔ:dz] rewarding [ri'wɔ:diŋ]

2）．or在W后读[ε:]

例如：work [wə:k] word [wə:d] world [wə:ld] worse [wə:s] worth [wə:θ]

二.七个元辅音字母组合及其读音：

R音节是英语中最常见的元辅音字母组合，R音节的读音在前面已讲到。除了R音节外，英语中常见的元辅音字母组合如下表：

1）．字母AW组合读[ɔ:]，例如：draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]

2）字母AY组合读[ei]1）．字母AW组合读[ɔ:]，例如：draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]

例如：today [tə'dei] way [wei] play [plei] say [sei] day [dei] away [ə'wei] player ['pleiə] may [mei] stay [stei] maybe ['meibi] relay [ri'lei] lay [lei] pay[pei]

3）字母EW组合读[ju:]

例如：news [nju:z] few [fju:] chew [tʃu:] crew [kru:]jewelry ['dʒu:əlrɪ] Jewish [ˈdʒu:ɪʃ]

4)字母EY组合读在重读音节中读

例如：hey[hei] they [ðei] grey [grei] key [ki:]；

在非重读音节中读[i]

例如：money ['mʌni] Sydney ['sidni] turkey ['tə:ki] monkey ['mʌŋki]

5）字母EX组合读[gz]

例如：exact[ɪgˈzækt] exam[ɪgˈzæm] example[ɪgˈa:mpl] exist[ɪgˈzɪst] exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st] executive[ɪgˈzekjətɪv]；

字母EX组合读[ks]

例如：excuse[ɪkˈskju:s] expect[ˈekspɜ:t] exchange[ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] except[ɪkˈsept] experience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns] experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] expose [ɪk'spəʊz] express[ɪkˈspres] expensive[ɪkˈspensɪv] extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔ:dnri]

6）字母OY组合读[ɔi]

例如：boy [bɔi] toy [tɔi] employ [imˈplɔi] enjoy [inˈdʒɔi]

7）字母OW组合读[əu]

例如：row [rəu] know [nəu] window ['windəu] yellow ['jeləu] throw [θrəu] borrow ['bɔrəu] tomorrow [tə'mɔ:rəu] follow ['fɔləu] grow [grəu] slow [sləu] show [ʃəu] snow [snəu] below [bi'ləu] Moscow ['mɔskəu] own [əun] bowl [bəul];

字母OW组合读[au]

例如：how [hau] down [daun] now [nau] flower ['flauə] brown [braun] cow [kau] town [taun] shower ['ʃauə] crow [krəu] allow [ə'lau]